![]() ![]() Löfgren's "A" alignment minimizes and equalizes the distortion peaks at the innermost groove, in-between the null-points, and at the outermost groove. The advantage of Löfgren's "B" alignment is lower tracking distortion during more playing time at the expense of slightly higher distortion at the beginning and end of the record. In other words, Löfgren's "A" alignment minimizes peak distortion while Löfgren's "B" alignment minimizes RMS distortion. The difference between the two alignments is that Löfgren's "A" alignment minimizes the weighted tracking error curve directly while Löfgren's "B" alignment minimizes the area underneath the squared weighted tracking error curve. ![]() This weighted curve places more emphasis on tracking error for inner grooves than for outer grooves, which is representative of the actual distortion caused by tracking error. Baerwald even lists Löfgren's paper in his references.Īt the core of Löfgren's alignments lies the weighted tracking error curve, which is essentially tracking error per unit of groove radius. Baerwald, Stevenson, and others came along later, and each published alignment geometry equations which have been shown to be identical to those published by Löfgren, and yet they included no recognition that Löfgren had already published the same equations. Interestingly, from all the reading I've done recently on the subject, it seems that Professor Erik Löfgren was actually the person who developed modern tonearm alignment geometry back in 1938. It is a two page spreadsheet-one page for Löfgren "A" alignment and one page for Löfgren "B" alignment. Y ou'll find an Excel file at the link located below this article. Thank you.Įxcel Spreadsheet To Make Your Own Protractor! We do get a bit of commission with each sale. It takes time and patience to get it just right, but the results are worth it! You know you have it perfect when both points are perfect without moving the protractor. It forward or back and see how it aligns on both points. Need to do is mount the cartridge a bit loose and slightly move Mounted so that the needle aligns perfectly on BOTH dots without moving the protractor. In Use: The trick is to have the cartridge Home is where my turntable is and everyone should have a two point protractor. This protractor will work with any tonearm with a mounting distance of 215MM.Free Protractor To Align Your Turntable Cartridge! This alignment offers less RMS and peak distortion than the factory Technics alignment, though you may find the difference to be subtle at best. When aligned, the cartridge will sit further forward in the headshell, angled slightly inwards. Technics 1200 Protractor Technics Lofgren A (Baerwald) ProtractorĪnother protractor for the Technics, this time aligning to the Lofgren A or Baerwald alignment, with IEC standard null points of 66 and 120.9MM. When aligned, your cartridge body should be parallel to the headshell, with the distance between the tip of the stylus and the rubber washer at the rear of the headshell exactly 52MM. This protractor offers an extremely accurate way to align your cartridge using the Technics null radii of 58.8 and 113.5MM, resulting in an overhang of 15MM and an offset angle of 22 degrees, exactly as specified by Technics. This protractor will align a cartridge to the factory Technics alignment, the same that is achieved when using the supplied overhang gauge. If not, a Lofgren A protractor usually offers the best performance across a majority of LP records. If your turntable manufacturer specifies an alignment, it is best to stick with their recommendation. ![]() In reality the distortion figures are so low as to be of little issue. Stevenson alignments are optimised for zero tracking distortion in the lead out groove of the record at the expense of slightly higher distortion everywhere else. Lofgren A or Baerwald alignment spreads the distortion across the surface of the record, resulting in the lowest average distortion figures. The 2 alignment geometries are calculated to minimise tracking error and distortion. There are 2 popular alignment families, known as Baerwald (or Lofgren A) and Stevenson. You’ll also want to print the protractors to scale, which you can verify by measuring the provided points on the protractor. Be sure to choose a protractor that matches your arm or turntable, as the accuracy of these protractors relies on the pivot to spindle distance being correct. 13.1.4 Rega Lofgren A (Baerwald) Protractorīelow are some downloadable PDF arc protractors, used to align a cartridge to various standard null radii.13.1.3 Technics Lofgren A (Baerwald) Protractor.13.1.2 Technics 1200, Technics Alignment.10 Turntable, Tonearm and Cartridge Specifications.7 How to Install and Align a Turntable Cartridge.4 Should You Buy an All-In-1 Turntable?. ![]()
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